邢定鈺(1945年2月3日—),出生于上海。物理學(xué)家。2007年當(dāng)選為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士,2008年5月加入九三學(xué)社。
1967年,邢定鈺從南京大學(xué)物理系本科畢業(yè),先是在泰州紅旗農(nóng)場(chǎng)按解放軍編制勞動(dòng)了一年多,后到徐州市半導(dǎo)體廠干了8年多。在廠里,身為技術(shù)骨干的他頗受重視,但他一直覺(jué)得在廠里做的那些工作,多是重復(fù)別人而已,創(chuàng)造性不多。
1978年研究生招考恢復(fù)以后,邢定鈺重回闊別11年的母校。碩士階段,他師從龔德昌教授,開(kāi)始系統(tǒng)的理論物理學(xué)習(xí)和研究。畢業(yè)后,邢定鈺留校任教,因科研和教學(xué)能力出色,1985年被破格晉升為副教授。1986年,邢定玨赴美國(guó)休斯敦大學(xué)物理系和德州超導(dǎo)研究中心做訪問(wèn)學(xué)者。當(dāng)時(shí)該中心正位于國(guó)際超導(dǎo)研究的前沿。
這其間,邢定鈺在科研上實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)飛躍。他在半導(dǎo)體熱電子輸運(yùn)理論和高溫超導(dǎo)理論方面做了一些工作,受到國(guó)際重視,發(fā)表在美國(guó)《物理評(píng)論》上的幾篇論文被國(guó)際同行多次引用。諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者、英國(guó)劍橋大學(xué)Mott教授看到邢定玨解釋高溫超導(dǎo)體正常態(tài)輸運(yùn)性質(zhì)的一個(gè)理論后,親筆寫信給邢定鈺,表示對(duì)該文很感興趣,并寄來(lái)了他的論文進(jìn)行討論。
訪問(wèn)學(xué)者期滿后,邢定鈺沒(méi)有留戀國(guó)外優(yōu)越的科研條件和豐厚的物質(zhì)生活,和愛(ài)人一起回了國(guó)。他心里很清楚,在國(guó)外寄人籬下地搞科研,并不足以實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的抱負(fù),只有在祖國(guó)的熱土上,才能真正實(shí)現(xiàn)他的科研理想。
回校后,邢定鈺很快晉升為教授、博導(dǎo),這意味著可以按自己的想法去做研究了。邢定鈺將關(guān)注點(diǎn)放到凝聚態(tài)理論的幾個(gè)前沿問(wèn)題研究上。他理論研究與實(shí)驗(yàn)相結(jié)合,在量子輸運(yùn)理論、巨磁電阻理論、高溫超導(dǎo)電性、磁性納米結(jié)構(gòu)以及低維系統(tǒng)中相變等課題的研究中,取得了一系列創(chuàng)新成果。到2010年,他在SCI學(xué)術(shù)期刊發(fā)表論文300多篇,其中包括在美國(guó)的重要學(xué)術(shù)刊物《物理評(píng)論》上發(fā)表108篇、《物理評(píng)論快報(bào)》發(fā)表14篇,研究成果被國(guó)際同行廣泛引用。
邢定鈺主持和參加了多項(xiàng)國(guó)家級(jí)科研項(xiàng)目,擔(dān)任攀登計(jì)劃“納米結(jié)構(gòu)和納米材料”(1998—2000)和“973”項(xiàng)目“人工帶隙材料的物理機(jī)制、制備及其應(yīng)用”專家組成員,以及國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金委員會(huì)“理論物理??顚W(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組”成員,現(xiàn)任國(guó)家重大科學(xué)研究項(xiàng)目“固體微結(jié)構(gòu)的量子效應(yīng)、調(diào)控及其應(yīng)用”首席科學(xué)家。
1997年,邢定鈺的研究成果“半導(dǎo)體熱電子輸運(yùn)的非平衡統(tǒng)計(jì)理論”獲江蘇省科技進(jìn)步獎(jiǎng)一等獎(jiǎng)。繼而,他與合作者對(duì)磁性金屬納米結(jié)構(gòu)和氧化物的巨磁電阻效應(yīng)和理論做了系統(tǒng)和深入研究,其成果——自旋輸運(yùn)和巨磁電阻理論,獲得2002年國(guó)家自然科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)二等獎(jiǎng)和2001年教育部中國(guó)高校自然科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)一等獎(jiǎng)。該理論是凝聚態(tài)物理學(xué)的一個(gè)國(guó)際前沿研究課題,在基礎(chǔ)研究和應(yīng)用前景方面有重大意義。2007年的諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)?lì)C發(fā)給了發(fā)現(xiàn)“巨磁電阻”效應(yīng)的兩位科學(xué)家,現(xiàn)有電腦讀寫的磁頭都是使用了這一效應(yīng)。
邢定鈺與合作者建立了包含自旋反轉(zhuǎn)效應(yīng)的鐵磁隧道結(jié)的隧穿磁電阻公式,用以解釋各類鐵磁金屬和氧化物隧道結(jié)以及隧穿型顆粒系統(tǒng)的巨磁電阻行為,并應(yīng)邀在2002年美國(guó)物理學(xué)會(huì)年會(huì)上對(duì)該成果做報(bào)告。他們提出的摻雜錳氧化物中的龐磁電阻起因于溫度誘導(dǎo)的安德遜型金屬—絕緣體轉(zhuǎn)變的模型成為國(guó)際上一個(gè)有影響的理論,被《物理評(píng)論快報(bào)》審稿人稱為對(duì)龐磁電阻理論做出突出貢獻(xiàn),兩篇主要論文被國(guó)內(nèi)外同行的170多篇論著引用,引用作者來(lái)自美國(guó)、英國(guó)、法國(guó)、德國(guó)、俄羅斯、日本等20多個(gè)國(guó)家的著名大學(xué)和實(shí)驗(yàn)室。他們發(fā)展的一個(gè)金屬薄膜的輸運(yùn)理論建立了一個(gè)聯(lián)系半經(jīng)典和量子理論的新公式,被國(guó)外同行連續(xù)在5篇論文的摘要中引用和在正文中詳細(xì)介紹,并被引用和稱為SXW(三位作者的英文姓縮寫)理論。
作為科研工作者,邢定鈺十分看重在逆境中的拼搏精神,以及與周圍同事的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。他謙遜地說(shuō):“如果說(shuō)我在科研上取得一點(diǎn)成績(jī),絕對(duì)離不開(kāi)老師們的培養(yǎng)、同事們的合作和學(xué)生們的努力,我從他們身上學(xué)到很多很多。”尤其在他在承擔(dān)了一系列管理工作后,對(duì)此體會(huì)更深了。
1999年,時(shí)任物理系副主任的邢定鈺被任命為南京大學(xué)固體微結(jié)構(gòu)物理國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室主任。該實(shí)驗(yàn)室曾被世界著名的Nature雜志譽(yù)為在亞太地區(qū)(除日本之外)科學(xué)研究已接近世界先進(jìn)水平的科研機(jī)構(gòu)代表,擁有一支團(tuán)結(jié)和諧、積極進(jìn)取、思想活躍、學(xué)風(fēng)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)目蒲刑蓐?duì),不僅有馮端、王業(yè)寧、閔乃本3位中科院院士,還團(tuán)結(jié)著一大批青年才俊。
責(zé)任感和使命感讓邢定鈺從來(lái)不敢懈怠,他說(shuō):“科學(xué)發(fā)展那么快,可以說(shuō)每天都會(huì)有新的創(chuàng)見(jiàn)。人的一生就像長(zhǎng)跑,你必須一直勤奮地跑下去,可能稍作休息,你就要落后了。我想,我也算個(gè)勤奮的人吧。”
在醉心科研的同時(shí),邢定鈺也非常重視教學(xué)工作。三尺講臺(tái),是他與學(xué)生互動(dòng)交流的平臺(tái)。他在教學(xué)中深入淺出,著重物理圖像的描述和基本理論的演繹,深得學(xué)生喜愛(ài)。并在2006年被南京大學(xué)浦口校區(qū)的本科生評(píng)為“我最喜愛(ài)的老師”,2008年被授予江蘇省高等學(xué)校教學(xué)名師稱號(hào)。2010年榮獲“全國(guó)先進(jìn)工作者”和“南京大學(xué)突出貢獻(xiàn)獎(jiǎng)”。
邢定鈺現(xiàn)任第十一屆全國(guó)政協(xié)委員,南京大學(xué)物理系教授,南京微結(jié)構(gòu)國(guó)家實(shí)驗(yàn)室(籌)主任,“量子調(diào)控”國(guó)家重大科學(xué)研究計(jì)劃的項(xiàng)目首席科學(xué)家,《物理學(xué)報(bào)》和ChinesePhysicsB的副主編以及三個(gè)國(guó)際物理學(xué)期刊的編委。他還擔(dān)任國(guó)務(wù)院學(xué)位委員會(huì)第六屆學(xué)科評(píng)議組物理學(xué)、天文學(xué)組成員,第六屆科學(xué)技術(shù)委員會(huì)數(shù)理學(xué)部委員,以及中國(guó)物理學(xué)會(huì)第十一屆凝聚態(tài)理論和統(tǒng)計(jì)物理專業(yè)委員會(huì)主任。目前,他正在籌建的國(guó)家實(shí)驗(yàn)室擁有研究人員160多人,包括中科院院士11人、長(zhǎng)江計(jì)劃特聘教授20人、國(guó)家杰出青年基金獲得者27人。他們正在為創(chuàng)建國(guó)際一流的研究平臺(tái)而努力工作。
主要論著
1DYXing,CDGong,On the Proximity Structures,Physica B,1981,108,987
2DYXing,CSTing,Greens Function Approach to Transient Hotelectron Transport in Semiconductors Under an Electric Field,PhysRev,1987,B 35: 3971
3DYXing,PHu,CSTing,Balance Equations for Steady-State Hot-electron Transport in the Approach of the Nonequilibrium Statistical Operator,PhysRev ,1987,B 35:6379
4DYXing,MLiu,CSTing,Theoretical Calculation of Normal-State Resistivity of High Tc Oxide Materials,PhysRev,1988,B 37:9769
5DYXing,MLiu,CSTing,Analytical Approach to Diffusion of Hot Carriers in Ntype GaAs with ГLX Band Structure,PhysRev,1988,B 37: 10283
6DYXing,CSTing,Two-Band Model of Anisotropic Hall Effect in High Tc YBaCuO,PhysRev,1988,B 38:R5134
7DYXing,MLiu,CSTing,OutofPlane Transport Mechanism in High Tc Oxide YBaCuO,PhysRev1988,B38:R11992
8DYXing,MLiu,Single-Band Model of Normal-State Transport Properties of High Tc Copper Oxides,PhysRev,1991,B 43:3744
9DYXing,MLiu,CDGong,Van Hove Singularity and Isotope Effect in High Tc Copper Oxides,PhysRev,1991,B 44:12525
10DYXing,MLiu,CDGong,Comment on “Anomolous Isotope Effect and van Hove Singularity in Superconducting Cu Oxides”,PhysRevLett,1992,68: 1090
11MLiu,DYXing,Analytical Approach to the Camley-Barnas Theory for Giant Magnetoresistance in Magnetic Layered Structures,PhysRev,1993,B47: 12272
12DYXing,CSTing,Many-Body Effect on the Energy Loss Rate of Hot Electrons,PhysRevLett,1994,72:2812
13MLiu,DYXing,Temperature Behavior of the OutofPlane resistivity in SingleCrystal Y Ba2Cu3O7-x,PhysRev,1994,B 49:682
14DYXing,PHHor,Hysteresis in the Low-Temperature Photoconductivity of C60 films,AHamed,PhysRev,1994,B 50:11219
15LSheng,DYXing,Path-Integral Approach to the Quasiclassical Theory for Giant Magnetoresistance in Magnetic Multilayers,PhysRev,1994,B50: 1001
16DYXing,MLiu,JMDong,ZDWang,Thermoelectric Power of Hot Carriers in the Nonequilibrium Statistical Operator Approach,PhysRev, 1995,B51:2193
17LSheng,DYXing,ZDWang,Transport Theory in Matellic Films: Crossover from Classical to Quantum Regime,PhysRev,1995,B51:7325
18LSheng,ZDWang,DYXing,JXZhu,Semiclassical Transport Theory of Inhomogeneous Systems,PhysRev,1996,B B53:8203
19RYGu,LSheng,DYXing,JMDong,Macroscopic Theory of Giant Magnetoresistance in Magnetic Granular Metals,PhysRev,1996,B B53:11685
20LSheng,DYXing,DNSheng,CSTing,Theory of Colossal Magnetoresistance in R1-xAxMnO3,PhysRevLett,1997:79:1710
21LSheng,DYXing,DNSheng,CSTing,Metal-Insulator Transition in the Mixed-Valence,Manganites,PhysRev,1997,B 56:R7053
22MLiu,DYXing,ZDWang,Mixed (s+id)-wave Order Parameter in the Van Hove Scenario,PhysRev,1997,B55:3181
23LSheng,DYXing,ZDWang,JDong,Quasiclassical Approach to Magnetotransport in Magnetic Inhomogeneous Sytems,PhysRev,1997,B 55:5908
24RYGu,LSheng,DY,Xing,JDong,SpinDependent Scattering from Correlated Impurities at Interfaces,PhysRev,1997,B 55:14450
25FZhong,JDong,DYXing,Scaling of Hysteresis in Pure and Disordered Ising Models: Comparison with Experimets,PhysRevLett,1998,80:1118
26BYZhu,JDong,DYXing,Disorder Effect on Melting Transitions of Vortex Lattices with Periodic Pinning,PhysRev,1998,B 57:5063
27PLyu,DYXing,JDong,Tunneling Magnetoresistance in MixedValence Manganite Tunneling Junctions,PhysRev,1998,B58:54
28YQi,DYXing,JDong,Relation between Julliere and Slonczewski Models of Tunneling Magnetoresistance,PhysRev,1998,B 58:2783
29RYGu,DYXing,ZDWang,SpinFlip Effects on the CurrentinPlane Magnetotransport in Magnetic Multilayers with Arbitrary Magnetization Alignments,PhysRev,1998,B 58:11142
30LSheng,HYTeng,DYXing,Boltzmann Equation for Spin-Dependence Transport in Magnetic Inhomogeneous Systems,PhysRev,1998,B 58:6428
31DYXing,SJXiong,DFeng,Metal-Insulator Transition below the Curie Temperature in Layered Manganites,PhysRev,1998,B 58:14139
32ZZheng,YQi,DYXing,JDong, Oscillating Tunneling Magnetoresistance in Magnetic Double-Tunnel-Junction Structure,PhysRev,1999,B 59:14505
33BYZhu,DYXing,ZDWang,BRZhao,ZXZhao,Sign Reversal of the Mixed-State Hall Resistivity in Type II Superconductors,PhysRev,1999,B 60 :3080
34PLyu,DYXing,JDong,Temperature Dependence of Tunneling Magnetoresistance in Manganite Tunnel Junctions,PhysRev,1999,B 60:4235
35DYXing,MLiu,YGWang,JDong,Analytic Approach to Antiferromagnetic van Hove Singularity Model for High-Tc Superconductors,PhysRev,1999,B 60 :9775
36YXiong,SJXiong,DYXing,Localization Effect of Ordered and Disordered Orbital polarization in a Simplified Doubled Exchange Model,PhysRev,2000,B 61:1240
37JWang,DYXing,JDong,Phase Separation Effect in Cuprate Superconductors,PhysRev,2000,B 62:9827
38JWang,WYZhang,DYXing,Magnetic Structure of the Layered Perevskite LaSrCoO,PhysRev,2000,B 62:14145
39ZMZheng,DYXing,GYSun,JMDong,Andreev Reflection Effect on Spinpolarized Transport in Ferromagnet/Superconductor/Ferromagnet Double Tunnel Junctions,PhysRev,2000,B 62:14326
40ZCDong,DYXing,ZDWang,ZMZheng,JDong,Anomaly of Zerobias Conductance Peaks in Ferromagnet/d-Wave Superconductor Junctions,PhysRev, 2001,B 63:144520
41JWang,WYZhang,DYXing,Spin States of the Co Ion in chargeordered YBaCo2O5,PhysRev,2001,B 64:064418
42PChen,DYXing,YWDu,Positive Magnetoresistance from Quantum Interference Effects in Perovskite-type Manganites,PhysRev,2001,B 64:104402
43PChen,DYXing,YWDu,JMZhu,DFeng,Giant RoomTemperature Magnetoresistance in Polycrystalline Zn0:41Fe2:59O4 with αFe2O3 Grains Boundaries,PhysRevLett,2001,87:107202
44ZHShu,JMDong,DYXing,Comment on “Charge-Orbital Stripe Structure in La1-xCaxMnO3 (x=1/2,2/3)”,PhysRevLett,2001,86:6049
45XFJiang,DYXing,HChen,Theory for Lowlying Exitations in Spin- Peierls System GuGeO3,Phys,Rev,2001,B 65:054421
46XWLi,ZMZheng,DYXing,GYSun,ZCDong,Josephson Current in Ferromagnet-superconductor Tunnel Junction,Phys,Rev,2002,B 65:134507
47GYSun,DYXing,JDong,MLiu,Gapless Superconductivity in Ferromagnet/Superconductor Junctions,Phys,Rev,2002,B 65:174508
48ZCDong,DYXing,JDong,Quantum Interference Effects on Tunneling Conductance and Shot Noise in Ferromagnet/Ferromagnet/d Wave Superconductor Double Tunnel Junctions,PhysRev,2002,B 65:214512
49JWang,WYZhang,DYXing,Role of Jahn-Teller Effect in the Charge Ordered State of YBaM2O5 (M=Co,Mn),PhysRev,2002,B 66:052410
50YHYang,DYXing,MLiu,YGWang,Existence of Extended States in Disordered Two-dimensional Crystals with a Half Filled Band,PhysRev, 2002,B 66:205310
51JJiang,JMDong,DYXing,Quantum Interference in Carbon Nanotube Electron Resonators,PhysRevLett,2003,91:56802
52RShen,ZMZheng,DYXing,Is there Coexistence of Itinerant Ferromagnetism and Swave Superconductivity,PhysRevLett,2003,91:69702
53LSheng,DYXing,HYTeng,DNDong,Random Walk Simulation of Magnetotransport in Magnetic Granular Systems,PhysRev,2003,B 68:132401
54JWang,HBSun,DYXing,Rashba Spin Precession in a Magnetic Field,PhysRev,2004,B 69:085304
55LSheng,DYXing,DNSheng,Theory of Impurity Resonant Tunnel Magnetoresistance,PhysRev,2004,B 69:132414
56YHYang,DYXing,MLiu,MFYang,Weaklocalization Theory for Quasiparticle Dynamical Conductivities of Disordered Dwave Superconductors,PhysRev,2004,B 69:144517
57LSheng,DYXing,DNSheng,Theory of the Zero-bias Anomaly in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions: Inelastic Tunneling Via Impurities,PhysRev,2004,B 70:094416
58LBShao,DYXing,Spin Injection into Semiconductors Driven by a Spin Battery,PhysRev,2004,B 70:R201205
59JPeng,BGWang,DYXing,Tunable Andreev Reflection in an Aharonovbohm Interferometer,PhysRev,2005,B 71:214523
60BGWang,JPeng,DYXing,JWang,Spin Current due to Spinlike Andreev Reflection,PhysRevLett,2005,95:086608
61JWang,KSChan,DYXing,Voltagecontrollable Spin Polarization of Current,PhysRev,2005,B72:115311
62JWang,KSChan,DYXing,Intrinsic Oscillation of Spin Accumulation Induced by Rashba Spin-orbital Interaction,PhysRev,2006,B 73:033316
63LHao,JWang,DYXing,Photoinduced Insulator-metal Transition in the Doped Manganites Pr0:55(Ca0:75Sr0:25)0:45MnO3and Pr0:7Ca0:3MnO3: Electronic Structure from a Selfconsistent Mean-field Approach,PhysRev,2006,B 74: 014440
64ZPNiu,DYXing,Spintriplet Pairing States in Ferromagnet/Ferromagnet/ D-wave Superconductor Heterojunctions with Noncollinear Magnetizations,PhysRevLett,2007,98:057005
65RQWang,BGWang,DYXing,Spin Valve Effect in a Magnetic Nanoelectromechanical Shuttle,PhysRevLett,2008,100:117206
66RQWang,BGWang,DYXing,Diodelike Effect in Nanoelectromechanical Shuttle Devices,PhysRev,2008,B 78:075434
67Ruiqiang Wang,DYXing,Misalignment of Transverse Anisotropies as a Mechanism for Suppression of Kondo Effect in Largespin Single Molecule Magnets,PhysRev,2009,B 79:193406
68RShen,LBShao,BGWang,and DYXing,Single Dirac Cone with a Flat Band Touching on Line-centered-square Optical Lattices,PhysRev,2010,B 81 :041410(R)
69DYou,LSheng,DYXing,Effective Circuit Theory for the Cusplike Zero-bias Anomaly in Tunneling Magnetoresistance,PhysRev,2010,B 81:052402
70CDFeng,ZMZheng,RShen,BGWang,DYXing,Zerobias Conductance Vanishing Induced by the Same-spin-band Andreev Reflection in Half-metallic Ferromagnet/Supercon Ductor Contacts,PhysRev,2010,B 81:224510
71GQHaung,ZWXing,DYXing,Spinphonon Coupling and Effect of Pressure in the Superconductor LiFeAs: Lattice Dynamics from First-principles Calculations,PhysRev,2010,B 82:014511
72RQWang,LSheng,RShen,BGWang,DYXing,Thermoelectric Effect in Single-molecule-magnet Junctions,PhysRevLett,2010,105:057202